- 300-700: The Kingdom of Axum
- 600-700: Muslims conquer North Africa
The Spread of Islam Chronology
- c. 900: Beginnings of the Sudanese kingdoms.
- c. 900-1100: The Kingdom of Ghana
- c. 1200: Beginning of the Hausa city-states.
- c. 1200-1450: The Kingdom of Mali.
- c. 1220: Rise of Sundiata Kieta.
- 1312-1337: The Reign of Mansa Musa.
- 900s-1400s: Great Zimbabwe
- c. 1400: Mombasa becomes the leading Swahili city-state.
- c. 1410: Beginnings of Monomotapa Empire.
- 1445: Portuguese capture slaves along the West African coast.
- c. 1450: Oyo Empire is founded.
- 1460-1591: Songhai Empire.
- 1460: Songhai Empire is founded by Sonni Ali of Gao.
- 1492-1527: Reign of Askia Mohammed in Songhai.
- 1591: Songhai Empire collapses.
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Secondary Sources
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