timeline of world history

Foraging Societies

Settled Agriculture

Early Ceremonial Centers

Urban Society

Early Empires

Later Empires

National States

 

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Central and South America

    Foraging Societies: 12,000 to 3,000 BC

    • ca. 14,500 BC: Asian migrants cross Bering Land bridge and enter North America
    • ca.12,000 BC:  Migrants have made their way all the way to Chile
    • 12,000 to 8,000 BC: Ice Age Foraging Peoples
    • 8,000 to 6,000 BC: Early Archaic Period
    • 6,000 to 3,000 BC: Middle Archaic Period

    Settled Agriculture: 5,000 BC

    • 5000 BC: Agriculture begins in Mexico.
    • 2000 BC: Huastecas and other proto-Maya cultures in Mexico

    Early Ceremonial Centers: 2,000 BC to 700 BC

    • 2000 BC: Development of the first Peruvian ceremonial centers.
    • 1500 BC: Beginnings of Olmec civilization.

    Urban Society: 900 BC to AD 400

    • 900 BC: Chavins unite Peru.
    • 800 BC: Olmecs unite Mesoamerica.
    • 400 BC- 1500: Zapotecs (Monte Alban, Mixtla)
    • 400 BC- 1000: Nazca coastal culture, western South America
    • 300: End of Olmec civilization.

    Early Empires: 300-1400

    • 31 BC:  First dated Olmec monument, early glyph writing
    • 00-300:  Pre-classic Maya
    • ca. 50:  Maya leave first written records in Western Hemisphere
    • 100:  Sun temple built at Teotihuacan
    • 300-600: Teotihuacan (Toltec) empire.
    • 217:  Carbon dating of oldest Pueblo roof beam, Southwest
    • 300-900:  Classic Maya
    • c. 550: Chichen Itza is founded.
    • 600-800: Huari and Tiahuanaco empires.
    • 642:  Palenque built
    • 200-900:  Teotihuacan expands
    • 400-1000:  Tiahuanaco empire, Andean South America
    • 890:  Maya produce first book in the Americas,
    • ca 850-900:  Great Mayan cities of Central America deserted
    • 1300: End of Mayan civilization.

    Later Empires: 1400-1810

    • 1400-1519: Aztec empire.
    • 1438-1538: Inca Empire.
    • 1519-1810: Spanish Empire

    1810-present: Independent National States

    • 1810: Venezuela declares independence from Spain.
    • 1819: Bolivar becomes president of Gran Columbia.
    • 1823: Mexico becomes a republic.
    • 1898: Spanish-American War begins.
    • 1910: Mexican Revolution
    • 1938: Cardenas nationalizes foreign oil companies in Mexico
    • 1959: Cuban Revolution
    • 1994: Chiapas Rebellion begins

 

This chronology based on the work of

Richard W. Slatta [[email protected]]

Professor of History

North Carolina State University

Used by permission.

Central South America

 

Text copyright 1998-2004 by ThenAgain.  All rights reserved.