World Chronology

Islam Chronology

Then Again

Life of the Prophet

Orthodox Caliphate

Omayyad Caliphate

Abbasid Caliphate

The Ottoman Empire

The Middle East in the Modern Era

 

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Islam Chronology

The Life of the Prophet: c. 570 to 632

  • c. 570: Birth of Muhammad
  • 622: The Hegira: Muhammad flees to Medina
  • 630: Muhammad captures Mecca
  • 632: Muhammad dies.

Orthodox Caliphate (Mecca and Medina): 632-661

Omayyad Caliphate (Damascus): 661-750

    • 680: Death of Mu'awiya, who is succeeded by his son, Yazid.
    • 685-687: Shi'ite revolt in Iraq.
    • 711: Conquest of Spain.
    • 717-718: Attempt to conquer Constantinople.
    • 732: Battle of Tours.

Abbasid Caliphate (Baghdad): 750-1258

  • 751: Battle of Talas: Arabs learn papermaking from Chinese prisoners of war
  • 765: A school of medicine is established in Baghdad.
  • 750-850: The Four orthodox schools of law are established.
  • 850-875: The Tradition is formalized.
  • 1010: Firdawsi completes his Epic of Kings, the great epic poem of Persia.
  • 1055-1250: Expansion of Islam under the Seljuks and Christian responses.
  • 1258: Mongols sack Baghdad. Abbasid Caliphate ends.

756-1031: Omayyad emirate in Spain (Cordova)

910-1171: Fatimid Caliphate in Egypt (Cairo)

1379-1401: Tamerlane establishes an empire in Persia, Iraq and Syria

1501-1723: Safavid Empire in Persia

The Ottoman Empire: 1350-1918.

    • ca. 1243: Turkish nomads settle in Asia Minor
    • 1299-1326: Osman I
    • 1402: Tamerlane defeats Ottomans at Ankara
    • 1453: Constantinople is conquered.
    • 1520-1566: Suleiman II the Magnificent
    • 1571: The Battle of Lepanto
    • 1703-1730: Cultural revival under Ahmed III
    • 1774: Treaty of Kucuk Kaynarca
    • 1822-1830: Greek War of Independences
    • 1853-1856: The Crimean War
    • 1876: The Ottoman Constitution is promulgated
    • 1914: The Ottoman Empire enters World War I

Resources

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources

Basic Beliefs


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