Rome

The Roman Republic: 509-31 B.C.

• 753 BC: Traditional date for the founding of Rome. Agricultural settlements on the Palatine hill.
• 616-509 BC: Etruscan kings rule Rome.
• c. 500-275 BC: Conquest of the Italian peninsula. Beginnings of the system of roads.
• c. 390 BC: Rome is sacked by Gauls and rebuilt.
• 264-241 BC: First Punic War
• 218-202 BC: Second Punic War
• 146 BC: Third Punic War and the conquest of Greece.
• 133-31 BC: Civil War and the End of the Republic.

The Roman Principate: 27 BC- AD 312

• 27 BC-AD 14: Augustus as Princip.
• 14-68: Julio-Claudian Emperors.
• 69-96: Flavian Emperors
• 96-180: Five Good Emperors
• 180-284: Crisis of the Third Century
• 284-378: Reforms of the Late Empire

The Later Roman Empire: 312-1453.

• 312-867: Formation of a Christian Empire
• 378-476: Decline of the Roman Empire in the West
• 410: Rome is sacked by the Visigoths. The remainder of the Roman Empire is now referred to as the Byzantine Empire.

Primary Sources

Secondary Sources