Beginning ca. 1400: The Large Empires of the Ancient Near East are weakened.
- 1400: Minoan culture is destroyed. Mycenean Greeks dominate the Eastern Mediterranean.
- 1375-1350: Ikhnaton's reforms in Egypt. Egypt crippled by internal disruptions.
- 1250: Israelites begin conquest of Palestine.
- 1190: Philistines settle along the Eastern Mediterranean coast.
- 1100: Dorian invasion of Greece.
- 1075: Assyrian Empire collapses.
- 1020-586: The Kingdom of Israel.
745-612 BC: Period of Assyrian dominance
- 745: Tiglath-pileser III becomes king of Assyria.
- 732-722 BC: Assyria conquers Israel and Syria.
- 663 BC: Ashurbainipal conquers Egypt.
625-585: Period of Neo-Babylonian (Chaldean) dominance.
- 625 BC: Beginnings of Chaldean kingdom in Babylon.
- 612 BC: Assyrian capital of Nineveh is destroyed by the Chaldeans or Neo-Babylonians.
- 587: Jerusalem is taken by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon.
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