Era of Biological Energy Sources

Era of Inanimate Energy Sources

Era of Fossil Fuel Energy Sources

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The Era of Inanimate Energy Sources

600 to 1600

600: Windmills used in Iran. 850: Triangular sails used in the Mediterranean. 900: Collar harness and horseshoes are common in Europe. 980s: Canal pound locks used in China. 1000: Waterwheels are widespread in Europe. 1040: Gunpowder in China. 1088: Su Song's Clock 1100: The English long bow is developed. 1150: Beginnings of cathedral building in Europe. 1200: Inca system of roads are begun. 1280: The canon is developed in China. 1300: Gunpowder and cannons are introduced to Europe. 1327: Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is completed. 1400: Draft horse is used in Europe. 1400: Windmills are used for drainage in the Netherlands. 1400: Blastfurnaces are used in the Rhine region. 1550: Large fulled-rigged sailingships with guns are used in Western Europe. 1600: Ball bearings are developed in Western Europe.

Resources Primary Sources Secondary Sources

 

This chronology based on: Vaclav Smil, Energy in World History (Boulder, CO; Westview Press, 1994) pp. 259-267.

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